The Nottoway Anglican Parish was founded in 1748, forty years before the founding of Nottoway County. From 1795, when Dr. John Cameron left, no Episcopal Church existed in the parish for a period of sixty-one years. In 1856, the Reverend Churchill J. Gibson, Rector, Grace Church Petersburg, by request, preached at Nottoway Court House.Through his efforts, interest in the Church was renewed. In the winter 1856-57 a subscription for the erection of a church was opened and the contract accepted and finally aid for in the month of February 1859. It is said that the name of St. Luke's was selected on account of the large number of physicians in the congregation, seven having been among the original contributors. St. Luke's Episcopal Church, subsequently, came into being and was consecrated on November 7, 1859 by the Right Reverend John Johns.
On March 31, 1882, at a meeting of the vestry of St. Luke's took place and Dr. E. G. Booth and others were appointed as a committee to purchase a lot on which to build a new church. The lot was purchased from Mr. McCulloch for the sum of fifty dollars and was paid for "by subscription among the vestry members of the congregation and citizens." It is on this site, the corner of Church and Main Streets, that St. Luke's Church now stands.